{"id":91,"date":"2009-12-07T21:40:34","date_gmt":"2009-12-07T08:40:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/?p=91"},"modified":"2009-12-08T14:41:12","modified_gmt":"2009-12-08T01:41:12","slug":"enzyme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/?p=91","title":{"rendered":"Reaction and Enzyme"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>Cells are able to build up and break down their proteins, lipids and carbohydrates or change one to the other.<\/li>\n<li>Eg. Animals cells build up glycogen from glucose.<\/li>\n<li>all cells can make proteins from amino acids and they can build up fats from glycerol and fatty acids.<\/li>\n<li>Animals cannot make proteins unless they are supplied with amino acids.<\/li>\n<li>Plants can make their own amino acids starting from sugar and salts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.scienceclarified.com\/images\/uesc_05_img0235.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"213\" height=\"200\" \/>Lock and key model<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scienceclarified.com\/images\/uesc_05_img0235.jpg\">http:\/\/www.scienceclarified.com\/images\/uesc_05_img0235.jpg<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\uc138\ud3ec\uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ubb3c\uc9c8\ub4e4\uc774 \ud569\uccd0\uc84c\ub2e4\uac00\ub3c4 \ubd84\ud574\ub418\uae30\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 chemical reactions\uc758 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c \ub9de\ucd94\uc5b4\uc8fc\ub294\uac83\uc774 enzyme\uc758 \uae30\ub2a5\uc774\ub2e4. Enzyme\uc774 \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc54c\ub9de\ub294 \uc628\ub3c4\uc640 pH\uac00 \ub9de\uc544\uc57c\ub9cc \ud558\uace0, active site(\uc811\ucc29\uae30\uba74)\uc5d0 substrate(\uae30\uc9c8)\uc774 \uc815\ud655\uc774 \ub9de\uc544\uc57c\ub9cc \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>Substrate\uac00 \uc790\uae30\ub9cc\uc758 \ubaa8\uc591\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub4ef\uc774 \ud654\ud559 \ubc18\uc751\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \ud45c\uba74\uc778 active site\ub610\ud55c \uc790\uc2e0\ub9cc\uc758 \ubaa8\uc591\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0\uc788\ub2e4.\u00a0\ud37c\uc990\uacfc \ud37c\uc990\uc774 \ub9de\uc544\ub5a8\uc5b4\uc800\uc57c \uadf8\ub9bc\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub4ef,\u00a0\uc774 \ub450\uac00\uc9c0\uac00 \uc815\ud655\uc774 \ub9de\uc544\ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c8\ub54c \ubc18\uc751\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294\uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>made in the cells<\/li>\n<li>catalyst is a chemical substance that speeds up a reaction but does not get used up during the reaction.<\/li>\n<li>anabolic enzyme reaction = join two other molecules together and form a more complicated substance. Large\u00a0molecules\u00a0are built up from smaller molecules.<\/li>\n<li>Catabolic enzyme reaction = split large molecules into smaller ones.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Enzymes\uc744 \uacf5\ubd80\ud560\ub550 5\uac00\uc9c0\ub97c \uaf2d \uae30\uc5b5\ud574\uc11c \uc678\uc6b0\uc790.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Enzymes and temperature: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A rise in temperature increases the rate of most chemical reactions. A fall in temperature slows down. However, if the temperature is too high for the enzyme (eg. above 50&#8217;C) protein can be denatured and stop working. The shape of an enzyme molecule is very important if it has to fit the substances on which it acts.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Enzymes and pH:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Acid and alkaline conditions alter the chemical properties of enzyme. Most enzymes work best at particular level of acidity or akalinity (pH).<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Enzymes are specific for substrates:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Enzyme\u00a0that normally acts on one substance will not act on a different one.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Rates of enzyme reaction:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>depends on the temperature and pH<\/li>\n<li>concentration of the enzyme and its substrate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5. Intra- and extracellular enzymes: <\/strong>All enzymes are made inside cells. Most of them remain inside the cell to speed up reactions in the cytoplasm and nucleus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cells are able to build up and break down their proteins, lipids and carbohydrates or change one to the other. Eg. Animals cells build up glycogen from glucose. all cells can make proteins from amino acids and they can build up fats from glycerol and fatty acids. Animals cannot make proteins unless they are supplied &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/?p=91\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Reaction and Enzyme&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1509,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"Reaction and Enzyme - science4all","description":"Cells are able to build up and break down their proteins, lipids and carbohydrates or change one to the other. Eg. Animals cells build up glycogen from glucose."},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6308,6304,6302],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gcse-biology-cie","category-year11-biology","category-year12-biology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1509"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=91"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91\/revisions\/117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=91"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=91"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=91"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}