{"id":691,"date":"2010-04-15T21:48:15","date_gmt":"2010-04-15T08:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/?p=691"},"modified":"2010-04-16T02:01:26","modified_gmt":"2010-04-15T13:01:26","slug":"parasitism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/?p=691","title":{"rendered":"parasitism"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">Parasitism<\/span><\/strong><\/span> is the biology term used to describe the relation between two different kinds of organisms in which one receives benefits from the other by causing damage to it.<\/p>\n<p>Eg. Mosquitoes, and\u00a0<em>Plasmodium<\/em>\u2014the parasite that causes malaria. This is an excellent example of how multiple species can be tied together in complex ecological interactions.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/wps.prenhall.com\/wps\/media\/objects\/489\/501279\/CDA49_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>For example, one organism (called a parasite) lives off another (called a host). It may live on or inside the host. A parasite does not help the host. Sometimes it hurts the host, sometimes it does not.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/a4.vox.com\/6a00c2252606458fdb00d09e4c81b4be2b-pi\" alt=\"\" width=\"221\" height=\"289\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Cymothoa exigua is a parasitic crustacean of the family Cymothoidae. This parasite attaches itself at the base of the tongue of the Spotted rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus, with the claws on its front three pairs of legs, and extracts blood. As the parasite grows, less and less blood is able to reach the tongue, and eventually the organ atrophies from lack of blood. The parasite then replaces the fish&#8217;s tongue with its own body, by attaching to the muscles of the tongue stub.&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">Without any harm being done<\/span>,<\/strong> or in the case where some hosts may benefit from the presence of a parasite, in which case we normally speak of:\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">mutualism<\/span><\/strong>: a situation where two organisms live in some contact and benefit from each others presence. They exchange food or provide shelter or protection, but may still be able to live an independent life.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">symbiosis<\/span><\/strong>: a situation where two organisms live in close contact and benefit from each others presence. They have become dependent upon each others presence and are unable to survive independently.<\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">endosymbiosis<\/span><\/strong>: bacteria have invaded the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic host cell. Host cell and bacterium have become dependent upon each other.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">With harm being done<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600\">.<br \/>\n<\/span>When one organism lives at the expense of its host we can distinct several situations:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">viral infections<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">bacterial infections<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">parasitic diseases<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Parasitism is the biology term used to describe the relation between two different kinds of organisms in which one receives benefits from the other by causing damage to it. Eg. Mosquitoes, and\u00a0Plasmodium\u2014the parasite that causes malaria. This is an excellent example of how multiple species can be tied together in complex ecological interactions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1509,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"parasitism - science4all","description":"Parasitism is the biology term used to describe the relation between two different kinds of organisms in which one receives benefits from the other by causing d"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6310,6309,6328,6302,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a2-level-biology","category-as-level-biology","category-year-6-8-science","category-year12-biology","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1509"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=691"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":707,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/691\/revisions\/707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/science4all.blogtown.co.nz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}